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KMID : 0624620160490030185
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BMB Reports
2016 Volume.49 No. 3 p.185 ~ p.190
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Crotamine stimulates phagocytic activity by inducing nitric oxide and TNF-α via p38 and NFκ-B signaling in RAW 264.7 macrophages
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Lee Kyung-Jin
Kim Yun-Kyu
Krupa Martin
Nguyen Anh Ngoc
Do Bich Hang
Chung Bo-Ram
Vu Thi Thu Trang
Kim Song-Cheol
Choe Han
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Abstract
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Crotamine is a peptide toxin found in the venom of the rattlesnake Crotalus durissus terrificus and has antiproliferative, antimicrobial, and antifungal activities. Herein, we show that crotamine dose-dependently induced macrophage phagocytic and cytostatic activity by the induction of nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Moreover, the crotamineinduced expression of iNOS and TNF-α is mediated through the phosphorylation of p38 and the NF-κB signaling cascade in macrophages. Notably, pretreatment with SB203580 (a p38- specific inhibitor) or BAY 11-7082 (an NF-κB inhibitor) inhibited crotamine-induced NO production and macrophage phagocytic and cytotoxic activity. Our results show for the first time that crotamine stimulates macrophage phagocytic and cytostatic activity by induction of NO and TNF-α via the p38 and NF-κB signaling pathways and suggest that crotamine may be a useful therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory disease.
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KEYWORD
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Crotamine, Macrophage, Nitric oxide, p38, TNF-α
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